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What is overpronation of the feet?

Overpronation is a phrase that causes plenty of angst among podiatrists and running footwear shops because it brings about a huge amount of confusion and argument. Pronation is really a movement of the foot in which the ankle rolls inwards and the mid-foot (arch) of the foot flattens. This is a normal healthy movement which is essential for normal foot biomechanics and shock reduction. Overpronation is said to be the term employed to explain if you have an excessive amount of this normal pronation. The first part in the controversy is precisely what is normal what is actually abnormal and just where is the threshold of the division between normal pronation and overpronation. There are strong views on every side of this controversy and there doesn't look like any solution in the discussion on the horizon.

The reason why the topic creates a whole lot of discussion is that overpronation has been regarded as a key aspect in overuse injuries in runners. Podiatrists often use foot orthoses to manage the condition and running shoe manufacturers design running shoes to help runners which have the problem. This suggests there is lots of vested interest in it. The problem arises is that the research evidence shows that, yes, overpronation generally is a risk factor for a running injury, however it is not really a large risk factor. It's further complex by a lot of runners who may have rather severe overpronation and don't develop any problems and never need foot supports or running shoes with the motion control design features. That will not help fix the controversy nor help clinicians make decisions re foot supports and for running shoe retailers on advice in regards to what needs to be the correct running shoe. It really comes down to clinicians and running shoe retailer’s individual experience and expertise and making decisions in the context of what is ideal for the individual athlete.

How to deal with foot corns and calluses?

Corns and calluses are regions of thickened skin which develop to protect that spot from stress and irritation. They could develop when something like footwear puts pressure on the foot repeatedly or results in excessive pressure against an area of the foot. It is called a callus commonly if the thickening of skin happens on the bottom of the foot. If thickening happens on the top of the feet or toe it is usually referred to as a corn. However, there is quite a lot of overlap between a corn and a callus. They're not infectious but can grow to be painful should they become too thick. In people with diabetes this may lead to more severe foot problems, so they really must be given serious attention.

Corns commonly happen where a toe rubs on inside of a shoe or there is a toe deformity. High force on the balls of the foot, which is common in females who frequently wear high heel shoes might cause calluses to develop under the balls of the feet. People that have particular deformities of the foot, for example hammer toes, claw toes, or hallux valgus are susceptible to corns and calluses. Corns and calluses typically have a rough dull looking physical appearance. They could be raised or circular and without correct assessment, they are often not easy to distinguish from plantar warts. If you have a corn or callus which is creating discomfort and pain or interfering with your day to day activities then it is perhaps a good idea to visit a podiatrist. This is certainly a lot more vital for those who have diabetes or poor blood circulation. The podiatrist should conduct a thorough examination of the feet along with your footwear and look at the way you walk to find out the reason why you have the corns and callus. For moderate corns or calluses they could propose switching your footwear and make use of padding in your shoes. If they are larger, then the podiatrist may minimize them with a surgical blade to carefully and skilfully shave away the thickened skin. Additional treatments may be required if the corn or callus happen again.